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17 Exercises for Upper Back Pain (with Videos)

Take control of your back pain with these effective exercises. Complete with easy to understand steps and videos.

Author: MaryAnn DePietro CRT

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SHOP BACK PAIN RELIEF PRODUCTS

Although lower back pain is more common, upper back pain also affects many people. Research indicates that upper back pain may affect 15-19% of people at some point in their lifetime. Of those people, 15% to 45% may have back pain that lasts for a year.

A variety of factors can cause and/or contribute to upper back pain, such as:

  • Arthritis
  • Poor posture
  • Trauma
  • Spains and strains

Upper back pain can cause chronic discomfort, decreased activity, and reduced productivity. It can also affect enjoying recreational activities and overall quality of life.

Exercise can be very effective in treating upper back pain. A review of thirty-six studies found that exercise reduced pain intensity and improved physical function in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain, such as upper back pain.

Upper back pain exercises can help decrease pain and improve pain tolerance. This is because exercise causes the release of endorphins, which act as a natural pain reliever.

Additional benefits of exercises for upper back pain relief can include:

  • Increased flexibility
  • Decreased inflammation
  • Positive psychological effect
  • Increased energy level

The article below covers some of the best exercises to help reduce upper back pain.

Warm Up Exercises

Warm-up exercises help promote blood flow to the area and loosen muscles. Doing a warm-up before stretches and strengthening exercises for upper back pain helps prepare your muscles and reduce the risk of injury. It is helpful to start by doing light cardio.

Light cardio can take the form of walking or some other light exercises.

Light Cardio

Light cardio can also include exercises and movements, such as torso circles, windmills, and marching in place.

To do light cardio:

  • Start slowly and gradually increase intensity
  • Try to target various muscle groups, such as the back, shoulders, and arms.
  • Aim for light cardio of about 5 to 10 minutes.

Dynamic Movements

Dynamic movements also help prepare your muscles for more vigorous exercises. When doing dynamic exercises for upper back pain relief perform torso twists, shoulder rolls, and truck rolls. Aim for about 5 minutes of dynamic movements before doing additional upper back pain exercises.

Range of Motion Exercises

Exercises for upper back pain include range of motion exercises. Range of motion exercises help improve joint function. The exercises also help maintain and improve flexibility in your neck, shoulders, and upper back. The goal is to slowly increase muscle movement while reducing stiffness. Below are some range of motion exercises for upper back pain.

Shoulder Shrugs

Shoulder shrugs helps decrease muscle tension in the shoulders, neck, and upper back. It is appropriate for most fitness levels.

To perform shoulder shrugs:

  • Start with your feet flat and about hip width apart.
  • With your arms at your sides turn your palms to face each other.
  • Keep your chin up slightly and face forward.
  • Bring your shoulders up towards your ears as high as you can.
  • Lower your shoulders back to your starting position.
  • Repeat the movement five to ten times.

Arm Circles

Arm circles are an easy upper back exercise for pain. Arm circles promote shoulder flexibility.

To perform arm circles:

  • Stand up with your feet about hip width apart.
  • Hold your arms out parallel to the floor at shoulder height.
  • Start to make softball size circles with your arms while keeping your back straight and head in a neutral position.
  • 4. Increase the size of the circles to about soccer ball size.
  • After about ten seconds, reverse directions.

Neck Rolls

Neck rolls improve range of motion in your neck and may ease stiffness in the shoulders. Reducing neck pain can help promote better posture, which also affects your upper back.

To perform neck rolls:

  • Stand up and roll your shoulders back. 
  • Look straight ahead and then move your head down. Your chin should move to your chest.
  • To add additional range of motion, slowly move your head towards your right shoulder and then left shoulder.
  • Move your neck back to a neutral position and roll it towards the back.
  • Repeat three or four times.

Spinal Twists

A spinal twist can be performed while laying down or seated. It helps stretch the upper and lower back and shoulders. It can improve rotational range of motion in the thoracic spine.

  • Lie on your back
  • Bend your knees placing your feet flat on the floor. Your knees should point towards the ceiling. 
  • Extend your arms out to your sides at about shoulder height.
  • Keeping your knees together, bring them to one side. With the opposite side, keep your shoulder on the ground.
  • Using your other arm, press down on your knees bringing them closer to the ground.
  • Hold the stretch for about 20 seconds and rotate your knees to the other side.

This stretch can also be done similarly in a seated position. To perform:

  • Sit into your left hip and bend your right foot over onto the floor.
  • Place your right hand on the ground behind you and your left elbow on the outside of your right knee.
  • Start to straighten your toros and turn to look over your right shoulder and hold for about 10 seconds.
  • Repeat on the other side.

Pelvic Tilt

A pelvic tilt strengthens and stretches your abdominal muscles. This helps provide increased support for your back.

To perform a pelvic tilt:

  • Lie on the floor with your feet flat.
  • Extend your arms down alongside your torso, keeping your neck aligned with your spine.
  • Your back should maintain a natural curve, which leaves a space between your low back and the floor.
  • Gently engage your abdominal muscles while allowing your tailbone to tilt upwards.
  • Draw your spine towards the floor closing the space between your back and the ground.
  • Allow your pelvis and spine to return to the original position.
  • Perform 5 to 10 reps.

Cat-cow pose

The cat-cow pose can be performed with a fluid motion without holding each separate stretch. This exercise works the neck and shoulder muscles, including the deltoids, trapezius, and small muscles that support the cervical spine.

To perform a cat-cow pose:

  • Start on all fours. Place your hands underneath your shoulders and your knees under your hips.
  • Arch your back up and drop your head to your chest pushing down through your shoulders.
  • Without holding, return to your starting position and then drop your lower back towards the floor, so that your chin and nose point towards the ceiling.
  • Repeat the sequence five times.

Strengthening Exercises

Upper back exercises for pain relief also should include strengthening exercises. As your upper back muscles become stronger, you may improve posture, which helps reduce pain. It may also decrease your risk of further injury. Below are several strengthening exercise for upper back pain.

Scapular retraction exercises help improve shoulder mobility and may decrease your risk of rotator cuff injury and include:

Wall Angels

Wall angels can help increase range of motion in the upper back. It can also help strengthen the rear deltoids, trapezius, and latissimus dorsi. To perform a wall angel:

  • Stand with your feet about 8 inches from a wall.
  • Rest your buttocks, shoulders, back and head against the wall.
  • Draw your ribs in and down. You should feel the back of your ribcage against the wall.
  • Tuck your chin towards your chest slightly and try to get the back of your head to touch the wall.
  • Reach your arms straight up and place them on the wall overhead. Try to make the back of your hands touch the wall.
  • Bend your elbows as you slide your hands down the wall until they are slightly above your shoulders.
  • Repeat 5 to 10 repetitions.

Rowing Exercises

Rowing exercises can be done using a resistance band, dumbbells, and a cable machine. They are a great functional exercises to work multiple muscles of the upper back and include:

Seated rows

Seated rows strengthen several muscles in the upper back, including the rhomboids, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius. To perform a seated row using a cable machine:

  • Use a V bar for a close neutral grip. Grab the bar firmly with the palms of your hands and the thumbs wrapped around.
  • Sit down and place your feet on the foot plate where your knees are slightly bent. Your torso should be slightly tilted forwards and your arms fully extended.
  • Pull your shoulders back while keeping your elbows close to your side. Pull the bar towards your hips and drive your elbow down and away from your ears.
  • Slowly return to your starting position.

Aim for 8 to 10 repetitions and 2 to 3 sets.

Upper Back Extensors

Upper back extensors are also a good choice to strengthen and ease upper back pain and include:

Superman pose

The superman exercise targets the shoulders, and lower and upper back. It also works your abdominal muscles, which provides additional support for your back. To perform a superman pose:

  • Start by lying on your stomach.
  • Extend your arms straight out in front of you.
  • Raise both your arms and legs off the ground about 10 inches and hold for a few seconds.
  • Return your arms and legs to the ground.
  • Repeat 8 to 10 repetitions.

Cobra pose

A cobra pose works the trapezius muscle. It helps assist in lifting the upper body. To perform a cobra pose:

  • Start on your stomach with your forehead against the floor or mat.
  • Keep your palms face down and near your chest.
  • Your elbows should remain bent and close to your sides.
  • Lift your chest off the ground using your back muscles.
  • Press your hands into the ground, raise your chest up and look towards the ceiling.
  • Hold for about 20 seconds and release the pose.
  • Repeat a few times.

Rotator Cuff Strengthening

Rotator cuff exercises can help strengthen the muscles and reduce upper back pain. Below are a few examples of rotator cuff exercises.

External rotation with band or weight

This exercise helps strengthen the infraspinatus, which is part of the rotator cuff. The infraspinatus is most active with the arm in a neutral position. An external rotation exercise can be done with a band or a light dumbbell.

To perform an external rotation with a band:

  • Bend the elbow to 90 degrees using a band anchored to the door.
  • Place a rolled up towel between your arm and your elbow.
  • Keep your wrist in a neutral position and the elbow bent at 90 degrees.
  • Externally rotate your arm away from your body, pulling the band in a controlled motion.
  • Slowly return to your starting position.
  • Perform 10 repetitions and two sets.

Internal rotation with band or weight

This exercise also works the rotator cuff, but it involves an internal rotation targeting the subscapularis muscle. To perform an internal rotation with a band:

  • Anchor a band to the door.
  • Bend your elbow at a 90 degree angle.
  • Keep the wrist in a neutral position.
  • Place a small towel between your arm and elbow.
  • Internally rotate your arm slowly pull the band across your body while the elbow stays bent.
  • Return to your starting position.
  • Perform 10 repetitions and two sets.

Core Strengthening

Core strengthening exercises are also helpful to reduce upper back pain. The stronger your core becomes, the more back stability it can provide. Below is an example of a core exercise.

Plank

A plank targets your oblique muscles, transversus abdominis, and your shoulders. To perform a plan:

  • Lay face down with your hand underneath your shoulders.
  • Curl the toes into the floor for a better grip
  • Press up as to straighten your arms lifting your hips and legs off the ground. It should look like the top of a pushup.
  • Tighten your glutes and abdominal muscles as you hold.
  • A plank can also be done resting on your forearms, keeping the forearms parallel to each other and making a fist with your hands.

Bridge

A bridge works your glutes and hamstrings. But it also engages your core muscles. To perform a bridge:

  • Lie on your back keeping your hands at your sides. Bend your knees with your feet flat.
  • Tighten your abdominal muscles and glutes by pushing your low back to the floor.
  • Raise your hips up to create a line from your knees to your shoulders.
  • Hold for 10 seconds.
  • Lower your hips back down to the starting position.

Additional Tips

When performing upper back exercises for pain relief, it is important to keep a few things in mind, such as:

  • Using good form: Proper form helps target the muscles and reduces the risk of injury.
  • Gradually increase exercise intensity: When starting upper back exercise for pain relief, go slowly and increase your intensity a little at a time.
  • Incorporate exercises into daily routine. The key to successfully treating upper back pain with exercises is consistence. Try to do some type of upper back exercises daily.

Although upper back pain exercises are helpful, there are instances where you should see a healthcare professional. If you develop severe upper back pain or it worsens with home treatment, see your doctor.

Conclusion

Upper back pain exercises include range of motion exercises and strengthening exercises. Exercises for upper back pain can improve flexibility, increase energy level, improve posture, and reduce time. But as with all exercise, it is essential to start slowly and gradually progress.

About the Author

MaryAnn DePietro CRT

MaryAnn DePietro CRT is a licensed respiratory therapist with over 15 years of clinical experience in critical care, emergency medicine, and pulmonary rehabilitation. She is also an American Council on Exercise certified personal trainer and holds specialty certifications in orthopedics, senior fitness, and weight management. MaryAnn has a degree in Rehabilitation from Penn State University and a degree in respiratory therapy.

In addition to her clinical experience, she has written extensively about all things medical, as well as health, fitness, and aging for various websites, magazines, and newspapers.

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